@InProceedings{KouskyJanoJoyc:2006:DiCyPr,
               author = "Kousky, Vernon E. and Janowiak, John E. and Joyce, Robert",
          affiliation = "{NOAA/ Climate Prediction Center}",
                title = "The Diurnal Cycle of Precipitation over South America based on 
                         CMORPH",
            booktitle = "Proceedings...",
                 year = "2006",
               editor = "Vera, Carolina and Nobre, Carlos",
                pages = "1113--1116",
         organization = "International Conference on Southern Hemisphere Meteorology and 
                         Oceanography, 8. (ICSHMO).",
            publisher = "American Meteorological Society (AMS)",
              address = "45 Beacon Hill Road, Boston, MA, USA",
             keywords = "diurnal cycle, precipitation.",
             abstract = "The diurnal cycle of precipitation over the region of South 
                         America is examined using high spatial and temporal resolution 
                         analyses that have been produced by NOAAs Climate Prediction 
                         Center morphing technique (CMORPH) (Joyce et al. 2004). The 8-km 
                         spatial resolution (at the equator) and 30-minute temporal 
                         resolution of these analyses permit an in-depth look at the 
                         diurnal cycle of precipitation. Major features of the summertime 
                         diurnal cycle, as depicted by CMORPH for the South American 
                         Monsoon, include an afternoon maximum in precipitation over the 
                         Andes and the high terrain in central and eastern Brazil, a 
                         nocturnal maximum in precipitation over areas just east of the 
                         Andes (western Argentina, central Bolivia and western Paraguay), 
                         and a nocturnal maximum over the Atlantic Ocean in the vicinity of 
                         the South Atlantic Convergence Zone (Fig. 1). A remarkable diurnal 
                         cycle in precipitation occurs in coastal areas of northern and 
                         northeastern South America. With daytime heating, precipitation 
                         rapidly develops along and just inland from the coast (Fig. 1, 
                         lower left panel), probably related to the sea breeze. This 
                         precipitation advances westward and southward, producing a 
                         nocturnal maximum in areas approximately 500 km inland from the 
                         coast. The inland propagation of sea-breeze-induced rainfall 
                         systems is a feature most frequently found during late SH summer 
                         (December-February) and fall (March-May). The seasonal average 
                         diurnal cycle for equatorial South America (Eq. 5ºN) for March-May 
                         2003 indicates that sea-breeze-induced precipitation systems 
                         propagate westward, reaching the western Amazon Basin in about two 
                         days. As these systems propagate inland they contribute to a 
                         nocturnal precipitation maximum in some areas and a diurnal 
                         precipitation maximum in other areas. A nocturnal or early morning 
                         precipitation maximum also occurs along the immediate coast and 
                         offshore in the vicinity of the Atlantic ITCZ and over the Pacific 
                         near the west coast of South America. The seasonality of the 
                         diurnal cycle will also be included in this presentation.",
  conference-location = "Foz do Igua{\c{c}}u",
      conference-year = "24-28 Apr. 2006",
             language = "en",
         organisation = "American Meteorological Society (AMS)",
                  ibi = "cptec.inpe.br/adm_conf/2005/10.03.10.43",
                  url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/cptec.inpe.br/adm_conf/2005/10.03.10.43",
           targetfile = "1113-1116.pdf",
                 type = "Monsoon systems and continental rainfall",
        urlaccessdate = "05 maio 2024"
}